Chapter 2 - Editing Styles and Conventions

Edward Dymtryk made seven rules of cutting which editors follow today:
Rule 1 - Never make a cut without a positive reason
Rule 2 - When undecided about the exact frame to cut on cut long rather short
Rule 3 - Whenever possible cut 'in movement'
Rule 4 - The 'fresh' is preferable to the 'stale'
Rule 5 - All scenes should begin and end with continuing action
Rule 6 - Cut for proper values rather than proper matches
Rule 7 - Substance first -- then form

Where as Walter Murch created 6 main criteria for evaluating a cut or where to cut:

1- Emotion (51%) - Does the cut reflect what the editor wants the audience to feel
2- Story (23%) - Does the cut advance the story
3- Rythm (10%) - Does the cut occur at a moment that is rythmically interesting and 'right'
4- Eye trace (7%) - Does the cut pay respect to "the location and movement of the audience's focus of interest within the frame."
5- 2D screen (5%) - Does the cut respect the 180 degree rule
6- Three-dimensional space of action (4%) — Is the cut true to the physical/spatial relationships within the diegesis?

Chapter 4 - Time Editing notes.

Time is a measurement
Time is a relative

Accelerated & slow motion
- sped up - slow down

Slow down -
dramatic emphasisation

Simultanious time-
two things happening at the same time
simularity between the two scenes e.g. V for Vendetta same tv show in both scenes.

Long take -
Single shot alot of CGI

Compressed time -
A montage - things happening over a long period of time compressed into a couple of minutes.

Freeze/slow -
Know the people that are in the scene
emphasise the drama and action

Slow to fast
-Catching up with real time
-Covers issues in filming
-Has to be used with no speech

Showing a montage in realtime would be boring to watch

Chapter 3 - Transition Types (Notes)

Editing Styles and Conventions
-Hollywood Montage & Soviet Montage
-Transition types are the nuts and bolts of editing
L cut/Split edit
- Appear more invisible - Realism - Seemless
- See someone talking cut to other persom to see reaction
- The reaction is half the story
- Cut video but continuous audio - Most popular
- Cut audio but continuous video - Least popluar
Jump Cut
- Background changes
- Audio continuois
- Always an obvious cut
- Cut from one point in time to another
- No transition needed
Wipes
- A convention of Star Wars
- Famous in the 80's
- Jump from one scene to another
- End/start on a static scene, wipe gives sense of movement
- Storybook feeling, turning of the page
- Complete change of scene, completely different area
Cutting for Action
- Screen direction
- Sight lines
- Cutting on the Action
- Illusion of Continuity
- Thematic Pacing and Motivated Edits
- Parallel editing
- Split edit
- Cutaways
- Fades